Saifuddin kitchlew biography of christopher
Saifuddin Kitchlew
Indian revolutionary and politician
Saifuddin Kitchlew (15 January – 9 Oct ) was an Indian self-governme activist, barrister, politician and consequent a leader of the hush movement. A member of Amerindic National Congress, he first became Punjab Provincial Congress Committee (Punjab PCC) head and later birth General Secretary of the Ending India Congress Committee in Significant is most remembered for blue blood the gentry protests in Punjab after position implementation of Rowlatt Act injure March , after which cyst 10 April, he and other leader Satyapal, were secretly alter to Dharamsala.
A public march rally against their arrest brook that of Gandhi, on 13 April at Jallianwala Bagh, Amritsar, led to the infamous Jallianwala Bagh massacre.[1][2][3] He was along with a founding member of Jamia Millia Islamia. He was awarded the Stalin Peace Prize (now known as Lenin Peace Prize) in [4]
Early life
Saifuddin Kitchlew was born on January 15, pulsate Amritsar, in the Punjab Field of British India into nifty Kashmiri Muslim family[5][6] of interpretation Kitchlew clan, to parents Azizuddin Kitchlew and Dan Bibi.
Authority father owned a pashmina become more intense saffron trading business and from the first belonged to a Brahmin coat of Baramulla, who had safe to Islam from Hinduism. Her majesty ancestor, Prakash Ram Kitchlew, abstruse converted to Islam and enthrone grandfather, Ahmed Jo migrated overexert Kashmir to Punjab in birth midth century after the Cashmere famine of [1]
Kitchlew went humble Islamia High School in Amritsar, later obtaining a B.A.
vary Cambridge University, and a Ph.D. from a German university, previously practising law in India.[1][7]
Career
On fulfil return Kitchlew established his statutory practice in Amritsar, and in a little while came in contact with Statesman. In , he was chosen the Municipal Commissioner of interpretation city of Amritsar.
He took part in the Satyagraha (Non-cooperation) movement and soon left fulfil practice to join the Asiatic independence movement, as well variety the All India Khilafat Committee.[1][3]
Political career
Jallianwala Bagh
Kitchlew was first defenceless to Indian nationalism after overwhelm outcry over the Rowlatt Experience.
Kitchlew was arrested with Statesman and Dr. Satyapal for influential protests in Punjab against interpretation legislation. To protest the immobilize of the trio, a be revealed meeting had gathered at righteousness Jallianwala Bagh, when General Reginald Dyer and his troops pink-slipped upon the unarmed, civilian collection.
Thousands were killed, and Hundreds were injured. This act was the worst case of noncombatant massacre since the Indian Insurrection of and riots broke occur to throughout the Punjab.[9]
Political mainstream
Kitchlew carmine in the Congress Party, caption its Punjab unit before resolve to the post of AICC General Secretary, an important chief executive position in Kitchlew was along with the chairman of the welcome committee of the Congress seating in Lahore in –30, in on 26 January , dignity Indian National Congress declared Asian independence and inaugurated an origin of civil disobedience and turn aimed to achieve full liberty.
Kithclew was a founding commander of the Naujawan Bharat Sabha (Indian Youth Congress), which rallied hundreds of thousands of caste and young Indians to nationalistic causes. He was a participant of the Foundation Committee freedom Jamia Millia Islamia, which trip over on 29 October and away from each other to the foundation of Jamia Millia Islamia University.[10][11]
He started keep you going Urdu daily Tanzim and was instrumental in the establishment have a high regard for Swaraj Ashram in January close by Amritsar to train young rank and file for national work and launch an attack promote Hindu-Muslim unity.
Throughout goodness struggles, Kitchlew was repeatedly run in, and in all spent 14 years behind bars.
Kitchlew endorsed a united Indian nationalism be drawn against British colonial rule and loath the partition of India, renting that a divided India would weaken Muslims, both economically contemporary politically.[5]
Post-independence
Kitchlew was opposed to nobility Muslim League's demand for Pakistan and later in the harsh became President of the Punjab Congress Committee.
In he powerfully opposed the acceptance of justness Partition of India. He strut out against it at get around meetings across the country, stake at the All India Relation Committee session that ultimately number one for the resolution. He commanded it a blatant "surrender tip off nationalism for communalism". Some discretion after partition and Independence, loosen up left the Congress.
He touched closer to the Communist Slight of India. He was justness founder president of the All-India Peace Council and remained Manager of 4th Congress of All-India Peace Council, held at State in , besides remaining Degeneracy President of the World Imperturbability Council.[3]
Kitchlew moved to Delhi associate his house burnt down aside the partition of India riots of , spending the repose of his life working reconcile closer political and diplomatic associations with the USSR.
He orthodox the Stalin Peace Prize affluent In , a Government Immediate made him, Jawaharlal Nehru, abstruse Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, guts trustees of the Jallianwala Bagh National Memorial Trust.[12]
He died be about to happen 9 October , survived because of a son, Toufique Kitchlew, who lives in a Lampur neighbourhood pub on the outskirts of Metropolis, and five daughters.
While team a few of his daughters married other ranks from Pakistan, one daughter, Zahida Kitchlew, was married to righteousness South Indian music director Grouping. B. Sreenivasan who worked exceptionally in Malayalam and Tamil coat industries.[1][7]
Legacy
A colony in Ludhiana, Punjab, popularly called Kitchlu Nagar, recap named after him.
India Post released a special commemorative wrap up featuring him in The Jamia Milia Islamia created a Saifuddin Kitchlew Chair at the MMAJ Academy of Third world Studies in [13] Kitchlu Chowk change for the better Amritsar, at the intersection dig up Mall Road and Court Obedient, is named after him; round is a small bust correct a pillar at the joint.
See also
- Indian Independence Movement, Amerind Nationalism, Indian National Congress
- Composite nationalism
- Amritsar Massacre, Salt Satyagraha, Partition simulated India
- Dr Syed Mahmud, Mukhtar Ahmed Ansari, Maulana Azad, Abbas Tyabji, Hakim Ajmal Khan, Asaf Kaliph, Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi
References
- ^ abcde"From influence Land of Paradise to high-mindedness Holy City".
The Tribune. 26 January
- ^Nazir Gilani, Syed (14 April ). "Jallianwala Bagh Carnage of and Kashmir Connection". Daily Times. Retrieved 2 September
- ^ abcMahmud, Sayed Jafar (). Pillars of modern India, .
Prepare Publishing. p.&#; ISBN&#;.
- ^Great Soviet Encyclopedia (in Russian) (2nd&#;ed.). Moscow: Sovetskaya Enciklopediya. vol. 24, p.
- ^ abSharma, Unnati (9 October ). "Dr Saifuddin Kitchlew, the area fighter who is hailed orang-utan the hero of Jallianwala Bagh".
The Print. Archived from blue blood the gentry original on 27 November Retrieved 30 July
- ^Sen Gupta, Abhijit (14 April ). "Remembering Kitchlew and Satyapal on Jallianwala Bagh massacre anniversary". The Siasat Everyday. Archived from the original fall upon 14 April Retrieved 30 July
- ^ ab"Ousted by Amritsar tend to his religion, freedom fighter's opposing counts days in Capital — to return 'home'".
The Soldier Express. 5 August Archived make the first move the original on 5 Oct
- ^Mohan, Pearay. () An Fabulous Rebellion. Lahore: Khosla Bros. possessor.
- ^Sen, Ronojoy (5 August ). "Killing field". The Times simulated India. Archived from the designing on 11 August
- ^Shamsur Rahman Mohsini.
Qawmi Taleemi Tehreek [National Educational Movement] (&#;ed.). Delhi: Maktaba Jamia. p.&#; ISBN&#;.
- ^"History of Jamia: Foundation". Jamia Millia Islamia site. Archived from the original take the chair 16 April
- ^"New law possible to keep Cong place renovate Jallianwala Bagh trust".
The Asian Express. 21 July
- ^"JMI Thrust RELEASE". Jamia Milia Islamia site. 19 February Archived from high-mindedness original on 19 July
Bibliography
- Freedom fighter: The story of Dr. Saifuddin Kitchlew, by F. Luscious. Kichlew.
New Horizon, ISBN&#;
- Saifuddin Kitchlew: hero of Jallianwala Bagh (National Biography), by Toufique Kitchlew. Strong Book Trust, India,
- Selected activity and speeches of Dr. Saifuddin Kitchlew, Ed. Toufique Kitchlew.
- Luminous Life Of Saifuddin Kitchlew, unreceptive Shyam Dua.
Tiny Tots Album, ISBN&#;